The formation of information cocoons in the process of disseminating information about major public health emergencies not only leads to negative consequences such as social panic and collective events, but also affects government decision-making and the implementation of emergency policies. Therefore, a thorough study of the mechanism behind the formation of information cocoons in the dissemination of information about major public health emergencies is of great significance for enhancing information dissemination efficiency and maintaining social stability. This study delineates the roles and behavioural characteristics of information dissemination platforms, opinion leaders, and ordinary users in information dissemination. Based on this foundation, an evolutionary game model with information dissemination platforms, opinion leaders, and ordinary users as the three parties is established. It systematically analyses the influence of the strategic choices of each game entity in information dissemination on the formation of information silos and verifies the accuracy of theoretical analysis through numerical simulation. The results of numerical simulation tests show that the formation of information cocoons in the process of disseminating this type of information can be effectively reduced by increasing the benefits of information platforms pushing and opinion leaders disseminating information related to major public emergencies and by reducing the cost of receiving information for ordinary users. This paper utilizes an evolutionary game model to study the formation of information cocoons, enriching the research content in the field of information cocoons, thereby enhancing information dissemination efficiency and promoting social stability.

major public health emergencies,information dissemination,information cocoons,evolutionary game